There are various gear ratios that affect performance. The final drive ratio is the ratio of the number of teeth on the ring gear to the number of teeth on the pinion gear. A numerically higher final drive ratio (e.g. 4:1) provides more torque multiplication, allowing for better acceleration. On the other hand, a numerically lower final drive ratio (e.g. 2:1) provides less torque multiplication but allows for a higher top speed.

A differential allows the wheels on the same axle to rotate at different speeds, necessary when cornering. The most common differentials used in motorsports are open differentials, which do not provide any torque bias between wheels. However, more advanced differentials like limited-slip differentials and locking differentials can help improve traction and vehicle handling.

Sequential gearboxes are used extensively in motorsports due to their fast and precise gear changes. They offer much quicker shifting times compared to traditional manual transmissions, allowing for better acceleration and control on the track.

Driveshafts are responsible for transmitting power from the transmission to the wheels. They're designed to withstand high torque and can be made of various materials like steel or carbon fiber. CV (constant velocity) joints are used at the ends of driveshafts to allow for changes in angles and provide smooth power delivery.